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Rough Wooing
The Rough Wooing (December 1543 – March 1551) was a conflict between Scotland and England. Following its break with Rome, England was feeling trapped and surrounded by catholic powers, and wished to break the Auld Alliance in order to prevent Scotland being used as a springboard for future invasion by France. War was declared by Henry VIII of England in an attempt to force the Scots to agree to a marriage between his son Edward and the infant Mary, Queen of Scots, thereby creating a new alliance between Scotland and England. Edward VI continued the war until changing circumstances made it irrelevant in 1550. It was the last major conflict between Scotland and England before the Union of the Crowns in 1603, excepting perhaps the English intervention at the Siege of Leith in 1560, and was part of the Anglo-Scottish Wars of the 16th century.
==Etymology==
In Scotland, the war was called the "Eight" or "Nine Years' War."〔Maitland James, ''A Narrative of the Minority of Mary Queen of Scots'', Ipswich (1842)〕 The idea of the war as a "Wooing" was popularised many years later by Sir Walter Scott,〔Scott, Walter, ''Tales of a Grandfather'', (1866), 103, (Chp. 29).〕 and the phrase "Rough Wooing" appeared in several history books from the 1850s onwards.〔Example; 'A Review of Teulet's France & Scotland,' in ''North British Review'', vol.24 (February 1856), 167〕
The phrase appears to derive from a famous remark attributed to George Gordon, 4th Earl of Huntly by Patrick Abercromby in his edition of Jean de Beaugué's history of the war: "We liked not the manner of the wooing, and we could not stoop to being bullied into love," or, as William Patten reported, "I lyke not thys wooyng."〔Beaugué, Jean de, ''History of the campaigns in Scotland'', (1707), lii: from Robert Gordon's manuscript ''History of the House of Sutherland'', according to Crawford's ''Lives and Characters of the Officers of State'', (1726), p.84 footnote (f).〕 The historian William Ferguson contrasted this jocular nickname and the savagery and devastation of the war:
More recently, Marcus Merriman titled his book ''The Rough Wooings'' to emphasise the division of the conflict into two or three distinct phases.〔Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell, (2000), 6–10〕
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